Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Britain almost more than any other country in the world must seriously face the problem of building upwards, that is to say of accommodating a considerable proportion of its population in high blocks of flats. It is said that the Englishman objects to this type of existence, but if the case is such, he does in fact differ from the inhabitants of most countries of the world today. In the past our own blocks of flats have been associated with the lower-income groups and they have lacked the obvious provisions, such as central heating, constant hot water supply, electrically operated lifts from top to bottom, and so on, as well as such details, important notwithstanding (然而), as easy facilities for disposal of dust and rubbish and storage places for baby carriages on the ground floor, playgrounds for children on the top of the buildings, and drying grounds for washing. It is likely that the dispute regarding flats versus (对, 对抗) individual houses will continue to rage on for a long time as far as Britain is concerned. And it is unfortunate that there should be hot feelings on both sides whenever this subject is raised. Those who oppose the building of flats base their case primarily on the assumption (设想)that everyone prefers an individual home and garden and on the high cost per unit of accommodation. The latter ignores the higher cost of providing full services to a scattered community and the cost in both money and time of the journeys to work for the suburban resident.
26. We can infer from the passage that .
A. English people, like most people in other countries, dislike living in flats
B. people in most countries of the world today are not opposed to living in flats
C. people in Britain are forced to move into high blocks of flats
D. modern flats still fail to provide the necessary facilities for living 【】
27. What is said about the blocks of flats built in the past in Britain?
A. They were mostly inhabited by people who did not earn much.
B. They were usually not large enough to accommodate big families.
C. They were sold to people before necessary facilities were installed.
D. They provided playground for children on the top of the buildings. 【】
28. The word “ rage ” (Line 10) means “” .
A. be ignored
B. develop with great force
C. encourage people greatly
D. be in fashion 【】
29. Some people oppose the building of flats because .
A. the living expenses for each individual family are higher
B. it involves higher cost compared with the building of houses
C. they believe people like to live in houses with gardens
D. the disposal of rubbish remains a problem for those living in flats 【】
30. The author mentions that people who live in suburban houses .
A. do not have access to easy facilities because they live away from the city
B. have to pay a lot of money to employ people to do service work
C. take longer time to know each other because they are a scattered community
D. have to spend move money and time travelling to work every day 【】
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Brazil has become one of the developing world s great successes at reducing population growth - but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.
Brazil's population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1 93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.
Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (通俗电视连续剧) and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world s biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil's most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.
“ Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values —— not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working, ” says Martine. “ They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package. ”
Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. “ This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction, ” says Martine.
31. According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth .
A. by educating its citizens
B. by careful family planning
C. by developing TV programmes
D. by chance【】
32. According to the passage, many Third World countries .
A. havent attached much importance to birth control
B. would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate
C. havent yet found an effective measure to control their population
D. neglected the role of TV plays in family planning【】
33. The phrase “ puts it down to ” (Line 1, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to “ ” .
A. attributes it to B. finds it a reason for
C. sums it up as D. compares it to 【】
34. Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazils birth rate because .
A. they keep people sitting long hours watching TV
B. they have gradually changed peoples way of life
C. people are drawn to their attractive package
D. they popularize birth control measures 【】
35. What is Martines conclusion about Brazils population growth?
A. The increase in birth rate will promote consumption.
B. The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.
C. Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory.
D. A countrys production is limited by its population growth. 【】
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