4 Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water falls to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from the sun, too.
5 Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed by man. Chemical energy comes from electron rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the sun’s energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed in to helium.
6 Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate engines in large ships. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy.
23.Paragraph 3 _________.
24.Paragraph 4 _________.
25.Paragraph 5 _________.
26.Paragraph 6 _________.
A.The most important source of energy.
B.Types of electromagnetic energy
C.The machines used for energy generation
D.Seeking new sources of energy www.lexue88.com
E.The use of ultraviolet radiation in medicine
F.Nuclear reactions as the lasting source of the sun’s energy.
27.One can get a sunburn even _____________.
28.Infrared radiation can produce heat ___________.
29.X-rays and gamma rays can be used to detect and treat cancer ___________.
30.Chemical energy is generated ___________.
A.when it is cloudy
B.because they can pass through solid objects
C.when the sun-rays are fierce
D.when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes place
E.when electron rearrangement takes place
F.when it is absorbed by matter
第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每道题确定一个最佳选项。
第一篇
Hercules
Once upon a time there was a great Greek hero, Hercules. He was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen. On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow(弓). He was known as the hero of a hundred adventures.
Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again and again he sent him of difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens(歌女). But no one knew where the garden was.
So Hercules went away. He walked the whole day and the next day and the next day and the next. He walked for months before he saw mountains far in the distance one fine morning. One of the mountains was in the shape of a man, with long, long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a huge head. He was holding up the sky. Hercules knew it was Atlas, the Mountain God. So she asked him for help.
Atlas answered, “My head and arms and shoulders all ache. Could you hold up the sky while I fetch the golden apples for you?”
Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky. Soon the sky grew very heavy. When finally Atlas came back with three golden apples, he said, “Well, you are going to carry the mountain for ever. I’m going to see the king with the apples.” Hercules knew that he couldn’t fight him because of the sky on his back. So he shouted: “Just one minute’s help. My shoulders are hurting. Hold the sky for a minute while I make a cushion(垫子) for my shoulders.”
Atlas believed him. He threw down the apples and held up the sky.
Hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.
31.What do you know about Hercules according to the first paragraph?
A.He was a Greek hero
B.He was a king
C.He was the Mountain God
D.He was a man working in the king’s garden
32.Hercules was given many difficult tasks because
A.he was the strongest man
B.the king wanted to get rid of him
C.the king wanted to test his strength
D.those tasks had to be done anyway
33.Which of the following can best describe Atlas according to the text?
A.He looked like a mountain.
B.He was a man with huge shoulders and arms.
C.He was a man with long legs and a huge head.
D.He was the giant who held up the sky.
34.Atlas got the golden apples for Hercules because
A.he wanted to help Hercules.
B.he was afraid of Hercules.
C.he did not want to hold the sky any more.
D.he wanted to be the king himself.
35.Hercules finally managed to get the apples
A.by fooling Atlas.
B.by defeating Atlas.
C.because he ran faster than Atlas
D.because Atlas threw down the apples.
第二篇
Tim’s Career
As a boy, Tim was much influenced by books about the sea, but in fact by the age of fifteen h had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a dentist and as a result Tim has the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or elsewhere. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the dispensary (药房) of the local doctor where he was supposed to be helping to wrap up medicine bottles, but was actually trying to listen to the conversations taking place between the doctor and his patients in the next room.
During the war, Tim served in the Navy as a surgeon. “That was the happiest time of my life, doing major surgery. I was dealing with very real suffering and on the whole making a success of it”. In Rhodes (罗得岛) he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He had proved his skill to himself and his ability to take decisions. With this proof came the firm belief that those who lived simply possessed qualities and a secret of living which he lacked. Thus, while he was able to tell them what to do, he could feel he was serving them. www.lexue88.com
After the war, he got married and chose a practice in the English countryside, working under an old doctor who was popular in the area, but who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith. This gave the younger man many opportunities to go on working as a life-saver.
36.Tim decided to become a doctor at 15 mainly because
A.his father wanted him to be so.
B.he had read many books about medicine.
C.his father was a surgeon himself.
D.he had met doctors through his father.
37.When Tim was in the dispensary of the local doctor, he
A.was expected to help the doctor.
B.read many books there.
C.participated in the conversations.
D.often went to the next room.
38.During the war, Tim
A.became a sailor.
B.worked as surgeon.
C.lost interest in work
D.didn’t achieve success.
39.When Tim was working in Rhodes, he
A.wanted to live like the country people.
B.wanted to prove his abilities and skills.
C.discovered the virtues of a simple life.
D.taught life-saving to his patients.
40.When the war was over, Tim
A.continued working as a surgeon
B.got married and lived in the city
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