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___8__ fruits can’t be eaten, are cultivated
___9__ their useful fiber. Other members of the family are grown for their
___10__ (beautiful) and shade.
( 7 )
Visitors to Britain are sometimes surprised to learn that newspapers there have such a large circulation(发行量). The “Daily Mirror” and the “Daily Express”
___1__ sell about four million copies every day. British families
___2__ (general) buy a newspaper every morning and two or three on Sundays.
Besides the
___3__ (nation) papers, there is, however, another branch of the British press which
___4__ (sell) almost as many copies. Local newspapers have
___5__ weekly circulation of 13 million. Almost every town and country area has one. Nearly all of them hold their own financially
___6__ many of them are very profitable (赚钱的).
These papers are written almost entirely for readers
___7__ (interest) in local events — births, weddings, deaths, council (地方议会) meetings and sports.
___8 _ (edit) prefer to depend on people
___9__ know the district well. A great deal of local news is regularly supplied
___10__ clubs and churches in the neighbourhood and it does not get out of date as quickly as national news.
( 8 )
Francis Bacon, one of the most important philosophers(哲人) of England, was born in London and educated at Cambridge University.
___1__ he was only 15, he went to France to work for the English ambassador (大使) . Two years later he went back to England to study law.
___2__ the age of 23 he was chosen to parliament (议会). His ideas about
__3__ scientists should study things in nature help to bring the modern way of
___4__ (think), called the scientific method.
One of the Bacon’s best known books was
___5__ essays. Each essay was a short piece of writing in
___6__ he tried to give a lesson by discussing sides of a subject such as studying, conversation, friends
___7__ healthy living. In many of his books, Bacon explained how scientists should study things as they really existed in nature and then tried to figure
___8__ what caused a particular thing to be as it was. Later, by doing experiments, the
___9__ (science) could see that any one cause would always have the same result. This method, which is called inductive reasoning,
___10__(use) by all the scientists today, but it was new in Bacon’s time.
( 9 )
Einstein was born in 1879 in Germany. As a child, he was slow
___1__ (learn) to talk. As a pupil, he was backward.
___2__ when he was fourteen years old, he became clever. He
___3__ (teach) himself maths from textbooks. He studied hard because he wanted to be a
___4__ (physic).
In 1901, Einstein began teaching. In 1902 he continued his studies at the University of Zurich. Several years later, he formulated(系统地阐述) his famous Theory of Relativity(相对论).To most people the law of relativity is
___5__ (difficulty) to explain. But once Einstein explained
___6__ very well to a group of young students. He said,“
___7__ you sit with a good girl for two hours, you think it is only a minute. But when you sit
___8__ a hot stove for a minute, you think it’s two hours. That is relativity."
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___9__ Hitler came into power in Germany, Einstein went to America. In 1940 Einstein became
___10__ American citizen. In 1955, Einstein’s life ended at the age of seventy-six.
( 10)
Atomic(原子的) energy is a great discovery of the present century, and many people have played a part in its development. Albert Einstein told the world about
___1__ basic idea in his famous Theory of Relativity in 1905. As he and
___2__ scientists began to discover more about the atom, they learned that a great amount of energy could be released(释放) by splitting(分裂)
___3__ atom.
___4__, it was also necessary that this energy be controlled.
___5__ it were not, it would be very dangerous.
Now atomic energy is used
___6__ (move) ships, and it may also prove
___7__(use) for spaceships. In fact, this new source of power has so many uses that it is almost
___ 8__ (possible) to imagine all the great changes it will bring
___9__ our lives.
Some scientists say the world needn't be afraid of a possible
___10__ (short) of coal, oil, natural gas or other sources of fuel for the future. They say that if these were used up, there would be enough of this type of energy to last forever.
( 11)
Albert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. He changed
___1__ (science) thinking in the modern world. He is generally considered
___2__ the greatest physicist who ever lived. What's more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to
___3__ (work) for human rights and progress.
In 1933,
___4__ Einstein was visiting England and the United States, the Nazi government of Germany took all his things away,
___5__ (include) his position and his citizenship. Einstein then settled
___6__ in the United States. In 1939, Einstein,
___7__ loved peace—afraid of a world in which only Hitler would had an atomic bomb(原子弹)—
___8__ (try) hard to persuade President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a famous letter to have the United States start uranium research. That Germany, after all, had no bomb,
___9__ that the first bomb would fall on Japan, could not have been expected. After the war, Einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing
___10__ number of soldiers in the world.
( 12)
The famous British inventor George Stephenson was born in 1781 and died in 1848. One of
_ 1__ most important inventions was the train. He made his first train
___1__ he was forty-four years old. When he was experimenting with the steam engine on the train, he met
___1__ troubles from the government, the newspapers and the gentlemen in the country. They said that the
___1__ (noisy) and the smoke would kill cows, horses and sheep,
___1__ the engine would burst or that the hot coals from it would set fire to their houses. At that time, most people believed
___1__ they said.
George Stephenson told the people that the train could go on small rails, could pull carriages full of goods and passengers
___1__ there was no great danger tothem. It was a very difficult matter for him
___1__(make) them believe.
___1__, after some time, he was able to do it; and the first train that was driven by Stephenson himself proved what he had said.
The first day when the people along the way
___1__(hear) the noises of the train in the distance and saw it running to them, they ran back home as quickly as they could and quickly their doors tightly, for they thought it a genius(妖怪).
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