20xx年职称英语真题及答案_卫生类A级_试题及答案
第1部分：词汇选择(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语有下划线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。
1. We tried to restrict our conversation to arguments relevant to the topic.
A.put
B.suit
C.confine
D.resort
2.There is a tendency to consider childless women as being hard and career-orientated.
A.use
B.make
C.believe
D.regard
3.The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage.
A.polluted
B.darkened
C.mixed
D.blackened
4.Don’t be so innocent as to believe everything the advertisements say.
A.ignorant
B.illiterate
C.simple
D.stupid
5.He comprehends the theory of relativity.
A.learns
B.teaches
C.understands
D.investigates
6.He donated 1,000 RMB to those flood victims last year.
A.allocated
B.distributed
C.sacrificed
D.presented
7.I was so excited to see snow that I was indifferent to the cold.
A.careless
B.unconcerned
C.irritated
D.annoying
8.We have met with some unexpected difficulties.
A.changed
B.overcome
C.solved
D.encountered
9.John has always remained loyal to his family and friends.
A.friendly
B.faithful
C.hostile
D.objective
10.He maintained that the opinion was wrong.
A.emphasized
B.repaired
C.insisted
D.helped
11.The dagger has penetrated his stomach through his coat.
A.damaged
B.went by
C.wounded
D.entered www.lexue88.com
12.In the darkness, the hunter perceived that something was moving in the bushes.
A.discovered
B.realized
C.saw
D.sensed
13.Is the clock in the tower accurate?
A.correct
B.new
C.old
D.wrong
14.He is accustomed to working hard.
A.anxious
B.likely
C.used
D.willing
15.The mail was delayed for a week because of the flood.
A.held down
B.held in
C.held off
D.held on
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后，列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Drugs
Doctors, sixty years ago, could do little to help victims of polio. Serious cases usually ended in death. In 1955, a vaccine was developed that prevented the disease. Today, polio is no longer a major health problem.
Many of the most important drugs that doctors prescribe today have been developed in the last 30 years. Modern drugs are complex, specific and powerful. People need to know more about drugs in order to use them safely.
Early people discovered by accident that some of the plants growing around them seemed useful to heal sores, relieve pain or even cure diseases. These plants were the first drugs. Now plants are still the source of some drugs. Quinine, for example, is a bitter-tasting drug used to treat the chills and fever of malaria and to reduce attacks of the disease. It is made from the bark of the cinchona tree, which grows in the Andes Mountains. The Indians of that region were the first to use the bark as a medicine. The Spanish people probably brought it to Europe in the early 1600s. Chemists learned how to get the pure drug from the bark. And in 1944, it was made artificially in the laboratory.
Other important drugs, such as hormones and vaccines, are obtained from animals. But most of the modern drugs come from chemical combinations worked out by research scientists. Most people never see drugs in their simple form as chemicals. Instead, they are seen as tablets, capsules or liquids that contain the drug and other ingredients.
People use drugs to get different results. Some drugs attack the organism that causes a disease. They cure by killing the organism. Other drugs relieve what we call the symptoms of the disease: the headache, pain, fever, or chills, and make the patient more comfortable. These constitute most over-the-counter drugs. People can get them in drug stores.
16.The main idea of this passage is the development of drugs.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
17.Today polio disappears in that polio is no longer a health problem.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
18.It seems to the author that the medicine used by early people was probably effective.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
19.The Spanish first learned how to used quinine as a medicine.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
20.Hormones are obtained from animals.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
21.People can use drugs in two aspects, such as curing cancer and relieving headache.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned www.lexue88.com
22.The “over-the-counter drugs” are those that patients can get without doctors’ prescriptions.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有两项测试任务：(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
The Processes of Immunity
1 Immunity can be defined as the power of an individual to resist or overcome the effects of a particular disease or some other harmful agent. Sometimes the words “immunity” and “resistance” are used interchangeably; but it is more accurate to think of immunity as a process which causes the effect of the invading bacteria to be unable to work before they have had a chance to set up an infection.
2 The chemical processes that produce immunity can be described briefly as follows. Every disease-producing bacterium that enters the body carries within itself a substance.
3 These antibodies destroy the poisonous substance of the disease-producing bacteria, or else act on them in a way that will make the bacteria more sensitive to the action of the white blood cells or other phagocytes. Antigens vary in their chemical structure and specific antigen will stimulate the body to produce only a specific antibody in response to it.
4 The antibody, then, will react only with the kind of antigen that caused its production and no other. This is the reason for the selective nature of immunity so that immunity to one disease does not necessarily cause a person to be immune to another. Indeed, it is possible to have immunity to one disease and sensitivity, its opposite, to a different disease. So it is useful to consider immunity as a selective process. This selective characteristic has a name; specificity.
5 There are two main groups of immunity: inherited immunity and acquired immunity. This second type may be acquired by natural or artificial means. In addition, an acquired immunity may be either active or passive.
23.Paragraph 2 ________.
24.Paragraph 3 ________.
25.Paragraph 4 ________.
26.Paragraph 5 ________.
A.The Definition of Immunity
B.The Process of Antibodies
C.The Functions of Antibodies
D.The Specific Character of Immunity
E.Two Types of Immunity
F.The Functions of Immunity
27.Antibodies were produced when _____.
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