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江苏省淮州中学2017届高三年级英语测试题,
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his yard. That was the first photograph.
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The next important date in the history of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another French, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his pictures, you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, the process was improved. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. The process was not simple. The photographers had to cary lots of films and processing equipment. But this did not stop the photographers, especially in the United States. After 1840s daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.
Mathew Brady was a well - known American photographer. He took many pictures of famous people. The pictures were unusual because they were very life - like and full of personality（个性）.
Brady was also the first preson to take pictures of war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.
In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography… Photographers could buy films readymade in rolls（卷）. So they did not have to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to process the film immediately. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later meaning that they did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small handheld camera made photography less expensive.
With the small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just for fun. They took pictures of their families, friends and favorite places. They called these pictures “snapshot”.
Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and books also used documentary photographs. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real than drawing.
Photography also turned into a form of art by the end of the 10th century. Some photographs were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.
67. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. the inventoin of cameras B. a kind of new art - photography
C. the development of photography D. the important dates in the history of photography
68. The first pictures of a war were taken by________.
A. a French photographer in the 1840s B. an American photographer in the 1860s
C. a German reporter in the 1880s D. a French artist in the 1890s
69. Photography can also be an art form because artists can ________.
A. take anything they like B. keep a record of real life
C. take photos of the famous D. show ideas and feeling in pictures
70. According to the passage, which of the followings shows the correct order? ________.
a．Photographs became popular in newspapers.
b．Photographers carried processing equipment while taking pictures.
c．The invention of small handheld cameras made photography easier.
d．Daguerre invented a kind of photograph called daguerreotype.
e．Brady took pictures of famous people.
A. e, a, d, b, c B. d, b, e, c, a
C. b, e, c, a, d D. d, c, e, a, b
第II卷 非选择题 （两部分，共35分）
第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
注意：每空格1 个单词。
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it takes responsibility for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who hold the belief that their self-worth relies on how well they perform at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit if success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the strongest are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
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第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）
设若你将为“保护青蛙，热爱大自然”的讲座开讲。下面是你所找到的资料。请据材料组织一篇讲演稿，介绍青蛙的生长过程。
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，江苏省淮州中学2017届高三年级英语测试题
